Power tool

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Power tool

A power tool is a tool powered by an electric motor, a compressed air motor, or a gasoline engine. Power tools are classified as either stationary or portable, where portable means hand held. They are used in industry, construction and around the house for cutting, shaping, drilling, sanding, painting, grinding, and polishing. Power tools for metal working are usually called “Machine Tools”, although in some cases such as the drill press and the bench grinder, the exact same tool is used for both wood and metal working.

The lathe is the oldest power tool, being known to the ancient Egyptians, abet in a hand powered form. Early industrial revolution factories had batteries of power tools driven by belts from overhead shafts. The prime power source was a water wheel or later a steam engine. The introduction of the electric motor in the 1880’s made the self powered stationary and portable tools we know today possible.

Stationary power tools are prized not only for their speed, but for their accuracy. A table saw not only cuts faster than a hand saw, but the cuts are smoother, straighter and more square than even the most skilled man can do with a hand saw. Lathes produce truly round objects that cannot be made in any other way.

An electric motor is the universal choice to power stationary tools. Portable electric tools may be either corded or battery powered. At present (2007) the limitations of battery life, energy capacity, and cost keep the corded versions on the market. Air is the customary power source for nailers and paint sprayers. A few tools are powered by explosive cartridges. Gasoline powered tools such as chain saws and weed whackers are made for use out of doors.

Common power tools include the drill, various types of saws, the router, the electric sander, and the lathe.

The term power tool is also used in a more general sense, meaning a technique for greatly simplifying a complex or difficult task.